Details

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BUY ATMEGA168PA-AU https://www.utsource.net/itm/p/11249135.html

Parameter	Description	Value
Package	Package Type	TQFP-32
Operating Voltage (VCC)	Supply Voltage Range	1.8V to 5.5V
Operating Frequency	Maximum Clock Frequency	20MHz
Flash Memory	Program Memory Size	16KB
EEPROM	EEPROM Size	512 bytes
SRAM	SRAM Size	1KB
I/O Pins	Number of I/O Pins	23
Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC)	ADC Channels	8
Analog Comparator	Analog Comparator	1
Timers/Counters	8-bit Timer/Counter	2
Timers/Counters	16-bit Timer/Counter	1
USART	Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter	1
SPI	Serial Peripheral Interface	1
TWI	Two-Wire Interface (I2C)	1
Watchdog Timer	Watchdog Timer	Yes
Brown-out Detection	Brown-out Detection	Yes
Power Consumption	Active Mode (20MHz, 3.0V)	4.2mA
Power Consumption	Idle Mode (3.0V)	0.7mA
Power Consumption	Power-down Mode (3.0V)	0.1μA
Temperature Range	Operating Temperature Range	-40°C to 85°C
Programming Interface	In-System Programming (ISP)	Yes
Programming Interface	High-Voltage Serial Programming (HVSP)	Yes
Programming Interface	Parallel Programming (PP)	Yes

Instructions for Using ATMEGA168PA-AU

1. Power Supply:

   • Connect V_CC (Pin 10) to the power supply (1.8V to 5.5V).
   • Connect GND (Pin 11) to the ground.

2. Clock Configuration:

   • Use an external crystal or oscillator for clocking, or configure the internal RC oscillator.
   • For external crystal, connect it between XTAL1 (Pin 9) and XTAL2 (Pin 10).

3. Program Memory:

   • Program the Flash memory using ISP, HVSP, or PP interfaces.
   • Use appropriate programming software like AVR Studio or Arduino IDE.

4. I/O Configuration:

   • Configure I/O pins as inputs or outputs using the Data Direction Register (DDR).
   • Set the state of output pins using the Port Data Register (PORT).
   • Read the state of input pins using the Pin Register (PIN).

5. Analog-to-Digital Conversion:

   • Configure the ADC using the ADC Control and Status Register (ADCSRA).
   • Select the channel using the ADC Multiplexer Selection Register (ADMUX).
   • Start a conversion by setting the ADSC bit in ADCSRA.

6. Timers/Counters:

   • Configure the timers/counters using the Timer/Counter Control Registers (TCCR0A, TCCR0B, TCCR1A, TCCR1B, TCCR2A, TCCR2B).
   • Set the prescaler and mode of operation.
   • Use the Timer/Counter Interrupt Flags (TIMSK) to enable interrupts.

7. USART Configuration:

   • Configure the USART using the USART Control and Status Registers (UCSR0A, UCSR0B, UCSR0C).
   • Set the baud rate using the Baud Rate Registers (UBRR0H, UBRR0L).
   • Enable transmission and reception by setting the appropriate bits in UCSR0B.

8. SPI Configuration:

   • Configure the SPI using the SPI Control Register (SPCR).
   • Set the data order and clock polarity.
   • Enable the SPI by setting the SPE bit in SPCR.

9. TWI Configuration:

   • Configure the TWI using the TWI Control Register (TWCR).
   • Set the TWI Bit Rate Register (TWBR) for the desired clock speed.
   • Enable the TWI by setting the TWEN bit in TWCR.

10. Watchdog Timer:

    • Configure the Watchdog Timer using the Watchdog Timer Control Register (WDTCSR).
    • Set the prescaler and enable the watchdog timer by writing to WDTCSR.

11. Brown-out Detection:

    • Enable Brown-out Detection by setting the appropriate fuses during programming.
    • The device will reset if the supply voltage drops below the threshold.

12. Power Management:

    • Use sleep modes to reduce power consumption.
    • Configure the sleep mode using the Sleep Mode Select Register (SMCR).
    • Enter sleep mode by setting the SE bit in SMCR.

13. Debugging:

    • Use the JTAG interface for debugging purposes.
    • Connect the JTAG pins (TCK, TMS, TDI, TDO) to the debugger.

14. Reset:

    • The reset pin (Pin 1) can be used to reset the device.
    • Pull the reset pin low to initiate a reset.

15. Programming:

    • Use an ISP programmer to program the device.
    • Connect the programmer to the ISP header (MISO, MOSI, SCK, RESET, VCC, GND).

For detailed information, refer to the ATMEGA168PA-AU datasheet and application notes provided by Microchip Technology.

(For reference only)